Running ‘testthat.R’ [16s/16s]
Running the tests in ‘tests/testthat.R’ failed.
Complete output:
  > Sys.setenv("R_TESTS" = "")
  > 
  > library(testthat)
  > library(lidR)
  Loading required package: raster
  Loading required package: sp
  > 
  > options(lidR.progress = FALSE)
  > 
  > test_check("lidR")
  ── 1. Error: (unknown) (@test-LAScatalog.R#4)  ─────────────────────────────────
  rgeos_convert_R2geos: invalid R class LAScatalog, unable to convert
  1: catalog(LASfile) at testthat/test-LAScatalog.R:4
  2: readLAScatalog(folder, FALSE, ...)
  3: is.overlapping(res)
  4: rgeos::gUnaryUnion(catalog)
  5: isTRUE(all(gIsValid(spgeom, byid = TRUE)))
  6: gIsValid(spgeom, byid = TRUE)
  7: RGEOSUnaryPredFunc(spgeom, byid, "rgeos_isvalid")
  
  ── 2. Error: (unknown) (@test-catalog_apply.R#4)  ──────────────────────────────
  rgeos_convert_R2geos: invalid R class LAScatalog, unable to convert
  1: catalog(LASfile) at testthat/test-catalog_apply.R:4
  2: readLAScatalog(folder, FALSE, ...)
  3: is.overlapping(res)
  4: rgeos::gUnaryUnion(catalog)
  5: isTRUE(all(gIsValid(spgeom, byid = TRUE)))
  6: gIsValid(spgeom, byid = TRUE)
  7: RGEOSUnaryPredFunc(spgeom, byid, "rgeos_isvalid")
  
  ── 3. Error: (unknown) (@test-catalog_errors.R#4)  ─────────────────────────────
  rgeos_convert_R2geos: invalid R class LAScatalog, unable to convert
  1: catalog(file) at testthat/test-catalog_errors.R:4
  2: readLAScatalog(folder, FALSE, ...)
  3: is.overlapping(res)
  4: rgeos::gUnaryUnion(catalog)
  5: isTRUE(all(gIsValid(spgeom, byid = TRUE)))
  6: gIsValid(spgeom, byid = TRUE)
  7: RGEOSUnaryPredFunc(spgeom, byid, "rgeos_isvalid")
  
  ── 4. Error: (unknown) (@test-catalog_makeclusters.R#219)  ─────────────────────
  rgeos_convert_R2geos: invalid R class LAScatalog, unable to convert
  1: catalog(LASfile) at testthat/test-catalog_makeclusters.R:219
  2: readLAScatalog(folder, FALSE, ...)
  3: is.overlapping(res)
  4: rgeos::gUnaryUnion(catalog)
  5: isTRUE(all(gIsValid(spgeom, byid = TRUE)))
  6: gIsValid(spgeom, byid = TRUE)
  7: RGEOSUnaryPredFunc(spgeom, byid, "rgeos_isvalid")
  
  ── 5. Error: (unknown) (@test-catalog_retile.R#5)  ─────────────────────────────
  rgeos_convert_R2geos: invalid R class LAScatalog, unable to convert
  1: catalog(folder) at testthat/test-catalog_retile.R:5
  2: readLAScatalog(folder, FALSE, ...)
  3: is.overlapping(res)
  4: rgeos::gUnaryUnion(catalog)
  5: isTRUE(all(gIsValid(spgeom, byid = TRUE)))
  6: gIsValid(spgeom, byid = TRUE)
  7: RGEOSUnaryPredFunc(spgeom, byid, "rgeos_isvalid")
  
  ── 6. Error: (unknown) (@test-grid_canopy.R#51)  ───────────────────────────────
  rgeos_convert_R2geos: invalid R class LAScatalog, unable to convert
  1: catalog(LASfile) at testthat/test-grid_canopy.R:51
  2: readLAScatalog(folder, FALSE, ...)
  3: is.overlapping(res)
  4: rgeos::gUnaryUnion(catalog)
  5: isTRUE(all(gIsValid(spgeom, byid = TRUE)))
  6: gIsValid(spgeom, byid = TRUE)
  7: RGEOSUnaryPredFunc(spgeom, byid, "rgeos_isvalid")
  
  ── 7. Error: (unknown) (@test-grid_density.R#4)  ───────────────────────────────
  rgeos_convert_R2geos: invalid R class LAScatalog, unable to convert
  1: catalog(file) at testthat/test-grid_density.R:4
  2: readLAScatalog(folder, FALSE, ...)
  3: is.overlapping(res)
  4: rgeos::gUnaryUnion(catalog)
  5: isTRUE(all(gIsValid(spgeom, byid = TRUE)))
  6: gIsValid(spgeom, byid = TRUE)
  7: RGEOSUnaryPredFunc(spgeom, byid, "rgeos_isvalid")
  
  ── 8. Error: (unknown) (@test-grid_metrics.R#89)  ──────────────────────────────
  rgeos_convert_R2geos: invalid R class LAScatalog, unable to convert
  1: catalog(file) at testthat/test-grid_metrics.R:89
  2: readLAScatalog(folder, FALSE, ...)
  3: is.overlapping(res)
  4: rgeos::gUnaryUnion(catalog)
  5: isTRUE(all(gIsValid(spgeom, byid = TRUE)))
  6: gIsValid(spgeom, byid = TRUE)
  7: RGEOSUnaryPredFunc(spgeom, byid, "rgeos_isvalid")
  
  ── 9. Error: (unknown) (@test-grid_terrain.R#86)  ──────────────────────────────
  rgeos_convert_R2geos: invalid R class LAScatalog, unable to convert
  1: catalog(file) at testthat/test-grid_terrain.R:86
  2: readLAScatalog(folder, FALSE, ...)
  3: is.overlapping(res)
  4: rgeos::gUnaryUnion(catalog)
  5: isTRUE(all(gIsValid(spgeom, byid = TRUE)))
  6: gIsValid(spgeom, byid = TRUE)
  7: RGEOSUnaryPredFunc(spgeom, byid, "rgeos_isvalid")
  
  ── 10. Error: (unknown) (@test-lasclip.R#5)  ───────────────────────────────────
  rgeos_convert_R2geos: invalid R class LAScatalog, unable to convert
  1: catalog(LASfile) at testthat/test-lasclip.R:5
  2: readLAScatalog(folder, FALSE, ...)
  3: is.overlapping(res)
  4: rgeos::gUnaryUnion(catalog)
  5: isTRUE(all(gIsValid(spgeom, byid = TRUE)))
  6: gIsValid(spgeom, byid = TRUE)
  7: RGEOSUnaryPredFunc(spgeom, byid, "rgeos_isvalid")
  
  ── 11. Error: (unknown) (@test-lasfilterdecimate.R#5)  ─────────────────────────
  rgeos_convert_R2geos: invalid R class LAScatalog, unable to convert
  1: catalog(LASfile) at testthat/test-lasfilterdecimate.R:5
  2: readLAScatalog(folder, FALSE, ...)
  3: is.overlapping(res)
  4: rgeos::gUnaryUnion(catalog)
  5: isTRUE(all(gIsValid(spgeom, byid = TRUE)))
  6: gIsValid(spgeom, byid = TRUE)
  7: RGEOSUnaryPredFunc(spgeom, byid, "rgeos_isvalid")
  
  ── 12. Error: (unknown) (@test-lasfiltersurfacepoints.R#5)  ────────────────────
  rgeos_convert_R2geos: invalid R class LAScatalog, unable to convert
  1: catalog(LASfile) at testthat/test-lasfiltersurfacepoints.R:5
  2: readLAScatalog(folder, FALSE, ...)
  3: is.overlapping(res)
  4: rgeos::gUnaryUnion(catalog)
  5: isTRUE(all(gIsValid(spgeom, byid = TRUE)))
  6: gIsValid(spgeom, byid = TRUE)
  7: RGEOSUnaryPredFunc(spgeom, byid, "rgeos_isvalid")
  
  ── 13. Error: (unknown) (@test-lasground.R#5)  ─────────────────────────────────
  rgeos_convert_R2geos: invalid R class LAScatalog, unable to convert
  1: catalog(file) at testthat/test-lasground.R:5
  2: readLAScatalog(folder, FALSE, ...)
  3: is.overlapping(res)
  4: rgeos::gUnaryUnion(catalog)
  5: isTRUE(all(gIsValid(spgeom, byid = TRUE)))
  6: gIsValid(spgeom, byid = TRUE)
  7: RGEOSUnaryPredFunc(spgeom, byid, "rgeos_isvalid")
  
  ── 14. Error: (unknown) (@test-lasnormalize.R#5)  ──────────────────────────────
  rgeos_convert_R2geos: invalid R class LAScatalog, unable to convert
  1: catalog(LASfile) at testthat/test-lasnormalize.R:5
  2: readLAScatalog(folder, FALSE, ...)
  3: is.overlapping(res)
  4: rgeos::gUnaryUnion(catalog)
  5: isTRUE(all(gIsValid(spgeom, byid = TRUE)))
  6: gIsValid(spgeom, byid = TRUE)
  7: RGEOSUnaryPredFunc(spgeom, byid, "rgeos_isvalid")
  
  ── 15. Error: (unknown) (@test-lasvoxelize.R#5)  ───────────────────────────────
  rgeos_convert_R2geos: invalid R class LAScatalog, unable to convert
  1: catalog(LASfile) at testthat/test-lasvoxelize.R:5
  2: readLAScatalog(folder, FALSE, ...)
  3: is.overlapping(res)
  4: rgeos::gUnaryUnion(catalog)
  5: isTRUE(all(gIsValid(spgeom, byid = TRUE)))
  6: gIsValid(spgeom, byid = TRUE)
  7: RGEOSUnaryPredFunc(spgeom, byid, "rgeos_isvalid")
  
  ── 16. Error: (unknown) (@test-tree_detection.R#5)  ────────────────────────────
  rgeos_convert_R2geos: invalid R class LAScatalog, unable to convert
  1: catalog(LASfile) at testthat/test-tree_detection.R:5
  2: readLAScatalog(folder, FALSE, ...)
  3: is.overlapping(res)
  4: rgeos::gUnaryUnion(catalog)
  5: isTRUE(all(gIsValid(spgeom, byid = TRUE)))
  6: gIsValid(spgeom, byid = TRUE)
  7: RGEOSUnaryPredFunc(spgeom, byid, "rgeos_isvalid")
  
  ── 17. Error: (unknown) (@test-tree_metrics.R#5)  ──────────────────────────────
  rgeos_convert_R2geos: invalid R class LAScatalog, unable to convert
  1: catalog(LASfile) at testthat/test-tree_metrics.R:5
  2: readLAScatalog(folder, FALSE, ...)
  3: is.overlapping(res)
  4: rgeos::gUnaryUnion(catalog)
  5: isTRUE(all(gIsValid(spgeom, byid = TRUE)))
  6: gIsValid(spgeom, byid = TRUE)
  7: RGEOSUnaryPredFunc(spgeom, byid, "rgeos_isvalid")
  
  ══ testthat results  ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
  [ OK: 340 | SKIPPED: 0 | WARNINGS: 0 | FAILED: 17 ]
  1. Error: (unknown) (@test-LAScatalog.R#4) 
  2. Error: (unknown) (@test-catalog_apply.R#4) 
  3. Error: (unknown) (@test-catalog_errors.R#4) 
  4. Error: (unknown) (@test-catalog_makeclusters.R#219) 
  5. Error: (unknown) (@test-catalog_retile.R#5) 
  6. Error: (unknown) (@test-grid_canopy.R#51) 
  7. Error: (unknown) (@test-grid_density.R#4) 
  8. Error: (unknown) (@test-grid_metrics.R#89) 
  9. Error: (unknown) (@test-grid_terrain.R#86) 
  1. ...
  
  Error: testthat unit tests failed
  Execution halted