S is a language defined by its implementations. While many books and articles describe the S language, the fact that there are differences between versions of the two major implementations of S (both in R and in S-PLUS) means that any description may be incomplete when written and is soon outdated. This lack of uniformity may also be a barrier to wider adoption of the S language for statistical analysis. In this panel discussion, members will discuss implications of a canonical standard for the S language in the style of Kernighan and Ritchie for C. Points for discussion include: * Differences in implementations of S in R and S-PLUS * How could a standard help (or hinder) more widespread adoption of S (in all its implentations) for statistical data analysis? * What is core language, and what is library? * Balancing a consistent definition of the language with the needs for continued research and innovation * Possible processes for defining and implementing a standard